First Freedom Fighter of India

Tipu Sultan ( Urdu:ٹیپو سلطان, Kannada : ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ) (20 November 1750 – 4 May 1799), (Sayyid walShareef Sultan Fateh Ali Khan Sahab Tipu) also known as the Tiger of Mysore, and Tipu Sahib, was a ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore. He was the eldest son of Sultan Hyder Ali of Mysore. Tipu introduced a number of administrative innovations during his rule, including his coinage, a new Mauludi lunisolar calendar, and a new land revenue system which initiated the growth of Mysore silk industry.Tipu expanded the iron-cased Mysorean rockets and commissioned the military manual Fathul Mujahidin. He is considered a pioneer in the use of rocket artillery. Tipu Sultan deployed the rockets against advances of British forces and their allies in their 1792 and1799 Siege of Srirangapatna.

Napoleon, the French commander-in-chief who later became emperor, sought an alliance with Tipu. In alliance with the French in their struggle with the British, and in Mysore's struggles with other surrounding powers, both Tipu and his father used their French trained army against the Marathas, Sira, and rulers of Malabar, Kodagu, Bednore, Carnatic, and Travancore. During Tipu's childhood, his father rose to take power in Mysore, and upon his father's death in 1782, Tipu succeeded to a large kingdom bordered by the Krishna River in the north, the Eastern Ghats in the east, and the Arabian Sea in the west. He won important victories against the British in the Second Anglo-Mysore War, and negotiated the 1784 Treaty of Mangalore with them after his father Hyder Ali suddenly died from cancer in December 1782 during the Second Anglo-Mysore War.

Tipu engaged in expansionist attacks against his neighbours. He remained an implacable enemy of the British East India Company, bringing them into renewed conflict with his attack on British-allied Travancore in 1789. In the Third Anglo-Mysore War, Tipu was forced into the humiliating Treaty of Seringapatam, losing a number of previously conquered territories, including Malabar and Mangalore. He sent emissaries to foreign states, including the Ottoman Turkey, Afghanistan, and France, in an attempt to rally opposition to the British. In the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, the forces of the British East India Company, supported by the Marathasand the Nizam of Hyderabad, defeated Tipu and he was killed on 4 May 1799 while defending his fort of Srirangapatna. Tipu Sultan's image in India is complicated where he is regarded both as a secular ruler who fought against British colonialism as well as an anti-Hindu tyrant.

For further reading,please refer "The Sword of Tipu Sultan" by Bhagwan S Gidwani.

"This historical novel tells the story of Tipu Sultan -the man,the lover,the soldier,the prince,the king.It speaks of those who loved and betrayed him;of his interactions with charming ladies and brilliant men;of his greatness and of the craftiness of his contemporaries; of the wit and folly of his times;and of the struggle of men and ideas in the march of history.Based on extensive research, The Sword of Tipu Sultan is an original contribution to historical literature which gives insights into the character of its hero, and the period in which he lived."

In Kannada:

ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸಾಹಿಬ್ ಎಂದೂ ಕರೆಯಲ್ಪಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದ ಟೀಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ (೧೭೫೩ - ಮೇ ೪, ೧೭೯೯), ೧೭೮೨ ರಿಂದ ಮೈಸೂರು ಸಂಸ್ಥಾನದ ರಾಜ ಹಾಗೂ ಭಾರತದಲ್ಲಿ ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷ್ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯಶಾಹಿಯ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಆಗಿನ ಕಾಲದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಹೋರಾಟಗಾರರಲ್ಲಿ ಒಬ್ಬ. ಈ ಹೋರಾಟದ ಪರಿಣಾಮವಾಗಿ ಟೀಪುವಿಗೆ ಶೇರ್-ಎ-ಮೈಸೂರ್ (ಮೈಸೂರ ಹುಲಿ) ಎಂಬ ಬಿರುದು ಉಂಟು. ಮೈಸೂರಿನ ಇತಿಹಾಸದಲ್ಲಿ ಮರೆಯಲಾಗದ ಹೆಸರು ಈತನದು.

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